Porphyrins, as an organic photosensitizer in medicine, play a very important role in photodynamic therapy. Their main mechanism is to absorb laser energy to produce reactive oxygen species, so as to achieve therapeutic purposes. In this paper, the basic synthetic route, the characteristics of each generation of porphyrin photosensitizers and the scientific research of porphyrin photosensitizers are reviewed. At present, porphyrin photosensitizers are widely used in photodynamic therapy, and with the development of new photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy will have a prominent application prospect in clinical treatment.

A as the most abundant renewable resource on the earth, biomass has the advantages of low cost and no increase of atmospheric CO2 content, its application has become a research hotspot in the field of energy utilization and environmental protection. Native biomass can be prepared from a variety of functional carbon materials via Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC). This paper summarized the research progress in the preparation of carbon materials with wide range of uses by using HTC method from raw biomass. The application of carbon materials based on HTC in gas liquid adsorption, magnetic carbon materials, battery materials and other fields were also analyzed and prospected.

Aiming at the reservoir characteristics of strong reservoir heterogeneity, circulation way widely distributed and poor water flooding effect in X oilfield of yanchang, a kind of nano⁃microsphere oil displacement agent WQ⁃3 was systhesized. The microstructure, swelling property, viscoelasticity and shear resistance performance were evaluated through the indoor experiments. The core⁃flow experiment was used to evaluate the performance of the regulator in heterogeneous core. The results showed that nano⁃microsphere WQ⁃3 are spherical nanoparticles with good roundness and the average particle size is 404.92 nm. At 80 ℃ in simulated formation water, the expansion ratio of the nano⁃microspheres after 24 h of water absorption is 34.96 g/g. Nano⁃microsphere WQ⁃3 has obvious viscoelastic properties after water absorption, showing the properties of soft solids. At high shear rate, nano⁃sphere WQ⁃3 system has better shear resistance; the injection pressure rises rapidly and the oil recovery increased as high as 14.25% of the injection of WQ⁃3 system.

The thin strips of Fe(Co)⁃Hf⁃B⁃Cu iron⁃based strip amorphous alloys were prepared by single⁃roller⁃quenching method. The amorphous structure was determined by XRD, Mössbauer spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The thermal stability of different samples was tested by differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicate the glassy structure of all the samples. Furthermore the results indicate that the thermal stability of amorphous alloys can be increased by faster cooling rate or adding pure B elements. And it can be also identified to improve the thermal stability of amorphous alloys that alloying components with the appropriate amount of Co.

A method for measuring the refractivity of saturated alcohol gas in high precision in closed vessel had been designed. This experimental apparatus used an interference method to observe the variation of interference fringes when the gas pressure changed, combining with the relationship of the number of the changing interference fringes and the refractivity of saturated alcohol gas, then the refractivity of alcohol gas under a certain pressure could be measured. The results showed that this method was accurate in deduce, simple in measurement and method, and reliable. This method could be promoted to measure the refractivity of gas. Especially, it also could be used to measure the liquid level of the liquid-storage tanks.

        Under the natural conditions，the shape of sand dunes is varied and the natural conditions of the sand dunes are very poor， and the vegetation on which they live depends is often on different states. The computer graphics and fractal geometry were used to simulate the growth of dune and vegetation. Through the function iteration system,it can achieve a single tree and forest of the morphological simulation,and also simulation the trees in the dune growth by bolding the branches. The color of trees is divided by the method of tracing the affine transformation points to achieve the color of trees changing with the season. Using computer graphics to draw flowers and the random function to replace some of the points on the trees for flowers，little flower of trees was simulated. Using the combination of different phases of the sine curve the dune is drawn and then the dune vegetation scene is simulated by combining with the trees. The external factors are used to simulate the natural shape of the dune windward slope under natural conditions. Finally,by increasing the density of dune and the number of trees to expand the area of trees the local forest scene simulation is generated.

Motion estimation is a core process for video coding schemes, which enables the transmission and storage of video signals with a low bit rate. In order to decrease calculation times and enhance matching efficiency of block matching search, a fast block matching motion estimation algorithm based on edge partial distortion search was proposed. Based on the block matching criterion, the algorithm forecasts the motion vector by sorting the similarity between the current image block and its neighborhood image block, and then chooses the motion vector of neighborhood image block with the highest similarity as its own motion vector. At the same time, edge partial distortion strategy was introduced, and the computing of neighborhood image block with the bigger deviation was prematurely terminated. The simulation result shows that the algorithm reduces the calculation amounts and promotes the matching precision in comparison with other fast standard block matching methods.

Chemical pipeline figure usually contains a large number of valves and fittings, which are the difficult part of 3D reconstruction. Based on the study of simply connected chemical pipeline reconstruction, a method that replaced different valves or fittings with different color segments was proposed. This method helped identify and match pipelines more quickly and accurately, and completed the 3D reconstruction. The main content consisted of the information recognition and matched with the front view and a top view of the pipeline diagram, the storage and access of 3D information, and the study of application examples. The implementation was mainly conducted by using AutoLISP, which was the secondary development language of AutoCAD.

There is usually difference between gas measuring permeability and liquid measuring permeability, particularly in low permeability reservoirs. Hq, Zb and Hs of the gas permeability and liquid permeability were measured by experiments in the Ordos Basin. The results of experiment show that the lower the permeability was, the bigger the gap between the gas permeability and liquid permeability was. The gap of the oil measuring permeability and gas measuring permeability was obviously different among tight reservoir, superlow permeability reservoir, ultralow permeability reservoir and low permeability. Therefore the result could be used as a demarcation to divide reservoir. The gap of gas permeability and oil permeability had a great relation to the clay mineral, wettability and surface area to the volume ratio.

The query manner of the engineering curve in the engineering design data mainly looked up the relevant design handbook, a method based on Web was presented, which could get the data and parameters of the normal engineering curve to be digitally, and through the Web page, we could query to data in the electronic version of the engineering curve which was corresponding to the paper version.

Engineering design revolved a lot of design data. Partial design data were described in the form of curve chart. Spiral angle coefficient curve was a typical engineering curve and had the characteristics of engineering curves. In the paper, spiral angle coefficient curve was as an example in which scanning image preprocessing, image revision, image cropping, binarization processing, mesh removing, characteristics point extracting of spiral angle coefficient curve were put forward. Furthermore, the least square method was used to fit characteristic points and accomplish digitizing of engineering curves.

Wireless laser communication is a new form of communication in which information is promulgated through space and the laser is used as carrier wave. The ATP technology with highprecision and highautomation is one of the key techniques, which can be related to the success of creating the space optical communication link and the quality stand of communication. It is analyzed the fourquadrant detection technology and area array CCD detection technology, gave the specific calculation algorithm of the spot center and dew the relevant conclusions through simulations. The simulation results show that, for QD detection, in order to restrain the background light can be used for audio modulation; CCD array detector, using spatial filtering to eliminate the influence of background light, and then laid the groundwork for the establishment of optical communication link.

The virtual reality design method based on the 3DS MAX and Virtools and the production process of the whole three-dimensional virtual mall were introduced. 3DS Max was used to construct 3D model, then 3D animation was created. In the model construction, levels of detail technology combined with texture mapping were adopted. Not only save creation time of system, but also improve the real-time rendering speed of the scene. In the scene of interaction design, the system adopts the collision detection technology to ensure the real ramble effect，makes users feeling being personally on the scene.

 

The models of temperature fields and phase transformation of Al-Cu alloy were developed for its near liquidus semi-continuous casting by a multi-scale simulation method，where the change in, solid fraction is available to couple the macro-scale simulation with meso-scale one．The solidifying process of Al- Cu alloys of Cu content of 4％, 4.5% and 5% was simulated during near-liquidus casting at by using finite difference method and cellular automata method at pouring temperature of 7~25 K higher than liquidus temperature, casting speed of 1.5~3.5 mm/s and cooling coefficient of 1 000~2 000 W/（m2•K）. The result is consistent with experimental. the content of alloying elements has great influence on the semisolid microstructure formation．The calculation results showe that microstructure are fine, uniform and near globular when the mass fraction of Cu is 5％, pouring temperature is 930 K, cooling coefficient is 1 000 W/(m2•K) and casting speed is 2 mm/s．

The parametric design of serial pumps for raising slurry based on Inventor was introduced. Pump for raising slurry can be divided into the components and the parts as a whole. First, established the assembly of the part model, and determined the part's specification through the parameter list and the procedure. Then modeled the components and finally composed again the assembly drawing. This method raised the efficiency of design ; carried out the movement simulation design according to the assembly modeling's design result ; examined the accuracy of the design; and finally the designer and the user can intuitively see the work process of this product.

Ozone-active carbon-nanofiltration technology was applied to the removal of the pollutant in drinking water. The result shows that nanofiltration can control the inorganic pollutant within certain regulated ranges while preventing some ions that benefit people from being completely blocked off. For the technology can effectively remove TOC, AOC, COD, chromaticity, turbidity and bacteria, the safety and biological stablization in drinking water is guaranteed.

A lot of design data are described in the form of curves in engineering design. Solubility curve is one of typical engineering curves and has the characteristics of engineering curves. Solubility curve was taken for an example. Methods of data sampling, data extraction, data sorting and storage of curves were put forward, and recognition of curves was realized during data extraction. Meanwhile, data sampling of curves were fitted by using Cardinal curve. Furthermore, digitizing of engineering curves was performed by using parabolic interpolation.

    Through introducing briefly the definition , characteristic of virtual reality modeling language (VRML)and the design procedure in the course of virtual product design , it proves that visual reality (VR) technology is no t o nly feasible in the virtual product desig n, but also ge ts good results.On the basis of this, throug h a virtual pro duct design instance , how to use VRM L to realize the kinematic simulation of the virtual products w as explained in detail .First of all , solid models throug h the three - dimensional model softw are was set up and ex ported with DXF file .Throug h VRML output interface provided by tool software such as 3DS MAX, WRL file was generated .Then WRL file w as edited in order to realize the kinematic simulation effects of machine parts.Thus, it is helpful to learn the structure of the mechanical par t , solid shape and movement characteristic .